PALMETTO State IrcRam; l. 150'; b. 34'; dph. 14'; dr. 12'; s. 6 k.; a. 2 7" r., 2 9" sb.; type RICHMOND CSS PALMETTO STATE, an ironclad ram, was built by Cameron and Co., Charleston, January 1862, under the supervision of Flag Officer D. N. Ingraham, CSN. She was readied for service by September 1862 when Lt. Comdr. J. Rutledge, CSN, was placed in command. Her armor was 4" thick on the shield, backed by 22" of wood, 2" of iron elsewhere. Her pilothouse was located abaft the stack. Before dawn on 31 January 1863, Palmetto State and her sister ram CSS CHICORA crept through thick haze to surprise the Union blockading force off Charleston. Taking full advantage of her low silhouette, the ironclad stole in under the guns of MERCEDITA, ramming as well as firing into her. Completely disabled, with no guns that would depress enough to fire at PALMETTO STATE, the Union ship surrendered. The ram then turned her attention to KEYSTONE STATE and put several shells into that blockader. Her steam chests punctured, KEYSTONE STATE lost all power and had to be towed to safety. A long-range gun action between the Confederate rams and other Federal blockaders then took place, but little damage was inflicted by either side before PALMETTO STATE and CHICORA withdrew to safety within Charleston Harbor. The attack of the Confederate rams caused the temporary withdrawal of the blockaders from their inshore positions and led to the claim by the Confederate Government, unsuccessfully advanced, that the blockade of Charleston had been raised. PALMETTO STATE also joined in the defense of Charleston during Adm. S. F. Du Pont's unsuccessful attack on the harbor forts, 1-7 April 1863. Her officers and men were cited for valuable services rendered during the removal of troops from Fort Wagner and Battery Gregg on the night of 6-7 September 1863. PALMETTO STATE was burned by the Confederates upon the evacuation of Charleston on 18 February 1865. PAMLICO SwStr: t. 218; a. 3 8" sb., 1 6.4" r. CSS PAMLICO, a side-wheel steamer purchased in New Orleans, La., on 10 July 1861, was placed in commission on 2 September with Lt. W. G. Dozier, CSN, commanding. She operated in the vicinity of New Orleans, clashing ineffectually with vessels of the Federal blockading squadron on 4 and 7 December 1861, and 25 March and 4 April 1862. PAMLICO was burned by her officers on Lake Pontchartrain, La., when New Orleans fell to the Union. (Cf. SELMA and CARONDELET) PARALLEL, see THIRTY-FIFTH PARALLEL Page 555 PARGOUD SwStr: t. 523; l. 319'; b. 36'; dph. 7' PARGOUD, also known as J. F. PARGOUD, was built in 1860 at Jeffersonville, Ind. She may have served the Confederates in the Mississippi River area, probably as a cargo ship or transport, and may have been under Comdr. I. N. Brown, CSN, commanding Confederate vessels in the Yazoo River, Miss. PARGOUD was burned and scuttled by Commander Brown in the Yazoo River in July 1863, in order to prevent her from falling into the hands of a Union naval forces under Acting Rear Adm. D. D. Porter, USN. PATRICK, see PATRICK HENRY PATRICK HENRY SwStr: t. 1,300; l. 250'; b. 34'; dph. 17'; dr. 13'; cpl. 150; a. 1 10" sb.; 1 64-pdr., 6 8", 2 32-pdr. r. CSS PATRICK HENRY, sometimes referred to as PATRICK was the former side- wheel passenger and freight steamer YORKTOWN which ran between Richmond, Va., and New York. When Virginia seceded from the Union on 17 April 1861 YORKTOWN, then in the James River was seized by that State and subsequently turned over to the Confederate Navy. Brigantine-rigged YORKTOWN was built at New York City by the renowned William H. Webb in 1859 for the New York & Old Dominion S.S. Line; the Webb plans of her are still extant. Commander J. R. Tucker, CSN, who commanded the newly organized James River Squadron, directed that YORKTOWN be converted into a lightly protected ship-of-war and renamed PATRICK HENRY. She was assigned to a position near Mulberry Island in the James to protect the right flank of the Confederate Peninsula Army, and during the following months remained vigilant against possible attack by Federal vessels from Newport News. On 13 September 1861 and again on 2 December, Commander Tucker took PATRICK HENRY down the river to a point about a mile and a half above Newport News and opened fire on the Federal squadron at long range hoping to draw out some of the gunboats. The lure was refused, but Tucker inflicted some minor damage. During the battle of Hampton Roads, Va., on 8 March 1862 when ironclad VIRGINIA inflicted such damage on the Union fleet, PATRICK HENRY approached CONGRESS, run aground and flying a white flag, but she herself came under fire from other Federal ships and shore batteries, a shot through her steam chest killing four of her crew. Towed out of action long enough to make repairs, she resumed her former position. In the engagement between CSS VIRGINIA and MONITOR the following day, PATRICK HENRY fired long range at MONITOR maneuvering against VIRGINIA. The Confederate Congress later accorded special thanks to all officers and men for their gallant conduct during the 2-day battle. After the surrender of Norfolk on 10 May 1862, the James River Squadron retired up the river to Drewry's Bluff where pursuing Federal ships were repulsed on 15 May. In October 1863 PATRICK HENRY housed the floating Confederate States Naval Academy at Drewry's Bluff, where instruction for 52 midshipmen began under the superintendency of Lt. W. H. Parker, CSN. She had been designated as academy ship in May 1862 and had undergone alterations to this end. She was burned by the Confederates when Richmond was evacuated 3 April 1865. PAUL JONES SwStr: t. 353; l. 172'; b. 34'; dph. 6' 6” PAUL JONES, built in 1865 at McKeesport, Pa., served as a Confederate transport in the Mississippi, Yazoo, and Red Rivers until she was lost in 1863. One of her last details was helping GRAND ERA to raise INDIANOLA in early March 1863. She last appears "at Allen's Mills in a disabled condition" with ANNA PERETTE on the 19th. A century later, her remains, lashed to CHARM, are now visible sometimes at low water, since the river has taken a new course. PAULINE Str PAULINE operated as an Army transport in Louisiana waters during 1863 and 1864. PEEDEE ScSlp: l. 170'; b. 26'; dph. 10'; s. 9 k.; cpl. 91; a. 1 7" r., 1 6.4" r., 1 9" sb. CSS PEEDEE was a wooden gunboat built at Mars Bluff near Marion Courthouse, S.C., on the Great Peedee River, to the design of Acting Naval Constructor John L. Porter, CSN, late in 1862. Lt. Edward J. Means, CSN, commanding the naval station there, superintended construction of the twin-screw gunboat; one engine was ordered from the Naval Iron Works, Richmond, and the other is believed to have run the blockade from Great Britain. Her battery was intended to be four 32- pdrs. broadside and two 9-inch pivots. Although little information concerning her has been preserved, reports indicate that she was completed and in commission as early as 20 April 1864 with Lt. O. F. Johnston, CSN, in command. She remained in the Peedee River where the Confederates destroyed her 110 miles above Georgetown upon the evacuation of Charleston, 18 February 1865. PENGUIN SwStr: t. 1,063; l. 240'; b. 30'; dph. 13'; dr. 10'; cl. ALBATROSS PENGUIN was built in Liverpool for Fraser, Trenholm & Co., as secret agents for the Confederacy and was negotiated by Comdr. J. D. Bulloch, CSN. She was Lairds No. 320, from the Birkenhead yard early in 1866, but probably never reached the Southern States before war's end. PETREL Sch: t. 82; cpl. 38; a. 2 guns PETREL was the U.S. Revenue Cutter William Aiken taken over by South Carolina in December 1860, on secession. She had been Charleston pilot boat ECLIPSE when purchased for the Revenue Service. Sold by the State to Henry Buist, Maier Triest and eight other Charlestonians, who were issued a letter of marque, 10 July 1861 at Charleston, PETREL's life as a privateer was short: off her home port on her first cruise, 28 July, she was overhauled and sunk by USS ST. LAWRENCE, after a four-hour chase. Capt. William Perry ran up the Confederate flag and fired three shots; one passed through the pursuer's "mainsail and took a splinter out of the main yard," whereupon ST. LAWRENCE unlimbered her fo'c'sle battery, made two hits, "one of which struck her bows." PETREL sank in 30 minutes. Capt. Hugh Y. Purviance, USN, noted laconically in his Page 556 log, "Got out the boats and picked up the crew," thus learning PETREL's name and the fact that two of her men had drowned; he took no time then to file a report. The 36 prisoners were transferred to FLAG at Savannah, then taken to Philadelphia to be tried for their lives as "pirates"--one of the early test cases by which this doctrine of "piracy" proved impracticable to enforce. PEYTONA SwStr: t. 685; l. 256'; b. 37'; dph. 7' 6" PEYTONA was built in 1859 at New Albany, Ind. She was chartered by the Confederates on 17 April 1862 as a towboat and tender to the newly launched CSS MISSISSIPPI. When the Union fleet under Flag Officer D. G. Farragut, USN, approached New Orleans and after MISSISSIPPI was fired to prevent capture, PEYTONA, on 25 April 1862, escaped up the Mississippi River. PEYTONA may have served the Confederates further under Comdr. I. N. Brown, CSN, commanding Confederate vessels in the Yazoo River. She was burned and scuttled in the Yazoo River in July 1863 by Commander Brown, to keep her from falling into the hands of a Union naval force under Acting Rear Adm. D. D. Porter, USN. PHANTOM ScStr: t. 266 [500]; l. 190' bp.; b. 22'; dph. 13' 4"; dr. 8' 6"; cpl. 33; s. 18 k. PHANTOM is said to have been one of the original line of Confederate Government steamers operated between Wilmington, N.C., and Bermuda by the Ordnance Bureau, CSA (cf. CORNUBIA). She was a "very handsome," steel-plated, screw steamer of 170 horsepower, constructed at Liverpool late in 1862 as "Hull No. 167" by a "G. Hillman"; drawings of her lines, captioned in German, do not specify the builder's yard. She seems to have left Liverpool early in April 1863. Chased ashore by USS CONNECTICUT, she was lost on her third run into the Cape Fear, 23 September 1863, near Rich or New Topsail Inlet, above Fort Fisher, and fired by her crew, who made good their escape in the lifeboats. Boats from CONNECTICUT could not get near her, "hard and fast *** and done for," to put out the fires or get her off, although one landsman in a boat making the attempt was killed by Confederate sharp- shooters behind the dunes. PHILO PARSONS Str PHILO PARSONS was a Detroit-Sandusky steamer seized on Lake Erie by Confederate raiders in an attempt to capture USS MICHIGAN, only United States war vessel on the Great Lakes, and liberate Confederate prisoners she was guarding on Johnson's Island, off Sandusky, O. The commandos boarded at Malden, Upper Canada (Ont.) in the guise of passengers, 19 September 1864. Their leader was Acting Master's Mate John Y. Beall, CSN, who had helped Capt. Charles H. Cole, CSA, of Gen. Nathan B. Forrest's command-an escapee from Johnson's I. in July- organize the plot under chief Confederate agent in Canada, Col. Jacob Thompson (v. GEORGIAN supra). Cole also claimed to have a commission as Lieutenant, CSN. Cole was drinking with officers of MICHIGAN when Beall took over PARSONS; the scheme went awry, Cole was arrested and failed to send a messenger, as agreed, to Beall, but the latter proceeded according to plan regardless. Beall, in PARSONS, had to stop at Middle Bass Island for wood; ISLAND QUEEN "with a large number of passengers and 32 soldiers" tied up alongside them with the same intent. The PARSONS raiders took them all prisoner, paroled the soldiers and left the civilians on the isle sworn not to leave for 24 hours. ISLAND QUEEN was towed out to deep water and sunk; PARSONS finally headed for Sandusky, but for some reason now unknown the crew all backed out, refusing to attack MICHIGAN. Nothing was left for it but to retreat: at Sandwich, Ont., the 20th, "after plundering and cutting her pipes to scuttle" her, PHILO PARSONS was left to founder while, according to Colonel Thompson, "most of" the Confederate conspirators escaped below the Mason-Dixon Line; Acting Master's Mate Bennett G. Burley, CSN, did not: Comdr. John C. Carter, USN, of MICHIGAN telegraphed of Burley, "I have got the principal agent prisoner on board and many accomplices." Canada sought at the Burley trial to force Colonel Thompson's expulsion from the country as the espionage mastermind behind the PARSONS, GEORGIAN and other incidents. PHOENIX IrcFltBtry: a. 6 guns PHOENIX, an ironclad floating battery, was built by the Confederates probably in 1863 and outfitted as a ram. She was sunk at Mobile, Ala., in August 1864 as an obstruction, and later burned. SwTug: cpl. 75 PHOENIX, an unarmed high-pressure tender to CSS MANASSAS, was under the command of Capt. James Brown. She took part in the engagement at Forts Jackson and St. Philip and was destroyed there on 24 April 1862 as a part of Comdr. J. K. Mitchell's flotilla. PICKENS Sch: a. 1 to 5 guns variously PICKENS, originally the United States Revenue Cutter ROBERT MCCLELLAND was seized by the State of Louisiana on 31 January 186i and subsequently turned over to the Confederate States Navy and renamed PICKENS. Capt. J. G. Breshwood, CSN, formerly an officer in the United States Revenue Service, was retained in command. PICKENS operated in the lower Mississippi during 1861 and early 1862, in Commodore Hollins' squadron fighting the Federal gunboats in the engagement of 12 October 1861 off Head of Passes, Mississippi River. PINE Slp: t. ca. 40 PINE may have remained under private ownership in serving the Confederates as a cargo ship along the North Carolina coast. On 30 August 1861 she was ordered to report to Captain Leech, CSA, at Fort Ocracoke, N.C. On 3 February 1863 she was under orders of Major General Foster, CSA, in carrying nonmilitary provisions for the use of the officers and soldiers in Washington, N.C. PIONEER SS PIONEER, a privateer two-man submarine, was begun in New Orleans in 1861 to meet the menace of the United States steamers NEW LONDON and CALHOUN on Lake Pontchartrain. She was completed in early 1862 having been constructed from quarter-inch riveted iron plates that had been cut from old boilers. Page 557 Some reports indicate that PIONEER was built in the Leeds Foundry but her principal inventor, J. R. McClintock, stated that she was built in his Machine Shop at 21 Front Levee Street, where, in partnership with B. Watson, he manufactured steam gages and turned out "minnie balls" on a high speed machine of his own invention. According to a post Civil War interview with McClintock, PIONEER was 30 feet long, of which a 10-foot midship section was cylindrical. From either end of the cylinder was a tapered section that gave her conical ends and resulted in a kind of "cigar shape." There was a conning tower with manholes in the top and small windows of circular glass in her sides. One man propelled the submarine by turning the manual crank of the screw and her iron ballast keel, detachable from the inside, was so heavy that it barely enabled the submarine to float on the surface with the conning tower awash. She was equipped with diving planes and was armed by a clock-work torpedo, carried on top of the submarine, and intended to be screwed into the bottom of the enemy's ship by gimlet- pointed screws of tempered steel. Actual inside measurements of PIONEER made on the spot by W. M. Robinson in 1926, were reported by him to be: length of 20 feet; maximum inside width of 3 feet, 2 inches; and a maximum depth of 6 feet. There is little clear evidence on the operations of PIONEER. She was granted a commission as a privateer by F. H. Hatch on 12 March 1862 and the application for a letter of marque was forwarded to Richmond on 1 April 1862. Her register of commission listed J. K. Scott as PIONEER's commander, and she was described by him as 34 feet in length, 4 feet breadth, 4 feet deep; measuring about 4 tons, with round conical ends and painted black. Her part-owners were identified as J. K. Scott, R. F. Barrow (brother-in-law of H. L. Hunley), B. Watson and J. R. McClintock. A surety bond of $5,000 was put up by H. L. Hunley and his lifelong friend and college classmate, Henry J. Leovy who was then a New Orleans attorney of the law firm of Ogden and Leovy. The application for letter of marque for PIONEER called "for authority to cruise the high seas, bay, rivers, estuaries, etc., in the name of the government, and aid said Government by the destruction or capture of any and all vessels opposed to or at war with the said Confederate States, and to aid in repelling its enemies." In an interview after the Civil War, McClintock stated PIONEER made several descents in Lake Pontchartrain and succeeded in destroying a small schooner and several rafts during experiments. Before she could attack a Union ship, Farragut captured NEW ORLEANS and she was sunk to prevent her from falling into Federal hands. PIONEER was recovered long after the Civil War and removed to Camp Nicholls. the Louisiana Home for Confederate Soldiers. On 24 April 1957 she was transferred to her present site in the Presbytere Arcade, Louisiana State Museum, New Orleans, La. She was the forerunner of two other submarines which were built at Mobile Ala., one the unnamed submarine sometimes called 'PIONEER II" (q.v.) and H. L. HUNLEY (q.v.). “PIONEER II" SS: l. 36'; b. 3'; dph. 4'; cpl. 5; s. 2.5 k.; a. clockwork torpedo An unnamed submarine sometimes called "PIONEER II" was built during 1863 in the machine shop of Park and Lyons, Mobile Ala., on plans said to have been furnished by H. L. Hunley, B. Watson and J. R. McClintock. Her principal builder was probably W. A. Alexander who claimed this distinction after close of the Civil War stating that he was a Confederate Army Engineer of Company B, 21st Alabama Volunteer Regiment, CSA. He also stated he was assisted by Lt. G. E. Dixon, Company A, 21st Alabama Volunteer Regiment, who had also been detailed to do work in the machine shop of Park and Lyons. H. L. Hunley has left record that he provided the "entire means" for this five-man submarine and McClintock stated that much money was spent in an unsuccessful attempt to power with an electro-magnetic engine. He afterwards fitted cranks to turn the propeller by hand, working four men at a time, but was unable to get a speed sufficient to make the submarine of service against Union ships blockading Mobile. In a letter to M. F. Maury in 1868, McClintock gave her dimensions as 36 feet long, 3 feet wide, 4 feet deep, with 12 feet of each end being tapered to facilitate underwater movement. She was towed off Fort Morgan to be manned for an attack on the Federal Fleet but foul weather and rough seas swamped her, without any loss of life. "PIONEER II" was probably the submarine described by a Confederate deserter on 26 February 1863 to the Senior Officer of the Federal Blockade off Mobile: "On or about the 14th, an infernal machine, consisting of a submarine boat propelled by a screw which is turned by hand, capable of holding 5 persons, and having a torpedo which was to be attached to the bottom of a vessel and exploded by means of clockwork, left Fort Morgan at 8 p.m. in charge of a Frenchman who invented it. The intention was to come up at Sand Island, get the bearing and distance of the nearest vessel, dive under again and operate upon her; but on emerging they found themselves so far outside the island and in so strong a current (setting out) that they were forced to cut the torpedo adrift and make the best of their way back." She was second in a line of three submarines that included PIONEER (q.v.) and H. L. HUNLEY (q.v.). PLANTER SwStr: t. 313; dr. ca. 3-4'; a. 1 32-pdr., 1 24-pdr. how. PLANTER was built in 1860 at Charleston, S.C., and served as an armed dispatch boat and transport attached to the engineer department at Charleston, under Brig. Gen. Ripley, CSA. On 12 May 1862 at 0400, while her captain, C. J. Relyea, was absent on shore, Robert Smalls, a Negro slave who was PLANTER’s pilot, quietly took PLANTER from the wharf, and with a Confederate flag flying, steamed past the successive Confederate forts, saluting as usual by blowing her steam whistle. As soon as she was out of range of the last Confederate gun, Smalls hauled down the Confederate flag and hoisted a white one. Then he turned PLANTER over to the U.S. ship ONWARD of the Union blockading force. On the next day PLANTER was sent to Flag Officer S. F. Du Pont, USN, at Port Royal Harbor, S.C., who kept Robert Smalls as PLANTER's pilot. At the time she was taken over by the Federals, PLANTER had on board, as a valuable cargo, four guns, one of them a 7-inch rifle, besides her usual armament. The Senate and House of Representatives of the United States passed a Private Law on 30 May 1862, granting Robert Smalls and PLANTER's Negro crew one half of the value of PLANTER and her cargo. PLOVER SwStr: t. [645]; l. 225'; b. 24'; dph. 11'; dr. 6'; cl. CURLEW PLOVER was one of four sisters ordered for the Confederate Navy in Great Britain by Comdr. J. D. Bulloch, CSN, in 1864. The quarto was launched the same day in 1865 at Jones, Quiggin & Co., Liverpool. PLOVER was Hull No. 178, second in the series. It is doubtful that Page 558 any of them were finished in time to serve the Confederacy. PLYMOUTH Slp: t. 974; l. 147' 6"; b. 38' 1"; dph. 16' 4"; a. 22 guns CSS PLYMOUTH, originally the sailing sloop-of-war PLYMOUTH, was built at the Boston Navy Yard in 1843 and sailed for the Mediterranean on 3 April 1844, returning to the United States in October 1846. Between that date and December 1868, she made several cruises in foreign waters. In 1859 and 1860 she was in use as practice ship for midshipmen at Annapolis and in April 1861 was at the Gosport (Norfolk) Navy Yard where she was scuttled and partially burned at the evacuation of the yard. PLYMOUTH was raised by the Confederates who planned to sail her up the James River to Richmond; however, when the Navy Yard was recaptured by the Union on 10 May 1862 she had not been moved and the Confederates scuttled her to avoid capture. POLK, see GENERAL POLK PONTCHARTRAIN SwStr: t. 4O4; l. 204'; b. 36' 6"; dr. 10'; a. 7 guns CSS PONTCHARTRAIN, formerly named LIZZIE SIMMONS or ELIZA SIMMONS was purchased by the Confederates at New Orleans, La. on 12 October 1861 and converted to a ship-of-war. When ready for service in March 1862, she was placed under the command of Lt. J. W. Dunnington, CSN and assigned to the fleet under Flag Officer G. N. Hollins, CSN, for the defense of the Mississippi River and Louisiana coast. PONTCHARTRAIN fought at Island No. 10 and New Madrid, Mo., during March and April 1862. After the evacuation of New Madrid on 7 April she and CSS MAUREPAS were sent up the White River into Arkansas. On 17 June 1862 PONTCHARTRAIN cooperated with the army in a hard fought battle at St. Charles, Ark. During the engagement two of her 32-pounder rifled guns were transferred to the fort; Lieutenant Dunnington and his men joined the army in its defense and were among the prisoners taken. PONTCHARTRAIN moved farther up the river and remained inactive until the following summer when she was burned to prevent capture, 9 October 1863, at or near Little Rock. PORTSMOUTH ScGbt: dp. 166; l. 106'; b. 21'; dph. 8'; dr. 5'; a. 1 9", 1 32-pdr.; cl. HAMPTON PORTSMOUTH was one of the first of the 100 "Maury Gunboats" begun to defend the Virginia-North Carolina coastline. At Gosport (Norfolk) in 1862, almost completed, PORTSMOUTH had to be burned on the stocks when the Navy Yard was evacuated by the Confederates, 10 MAY. POST BOY Str POST BOY served the Confederacy as a dispatch and tow boat in coastal waters in North Carolina during late 1861 and early 1862. POWHATAN ScTug "The large and comfortable tug POWHATAN," as she is described by Brig. Gen. C. S. Wise, CSA, was acquired by the Confederate States Navy in January 1862, apparently from a proprietor of the Currituck Canal. She was propeller driven, we learn from Flag Officer W. F. Lynch, CSN, who intended to arm her as "an auxiliary means of defense" of Roanoke Island, N.C., against a fleet Gen. Ambrose Burnside, USA, was assembling. This plan is outlined in Lynch's report to Secretary of the Navy Mallory. Of seven such tugs we have only the names of POWHATAN and KAKAKEE and those thanks entirely to a picturesque verbal skirmish between Commodore Lynch and General Wise. The brigadier charged, "It would have been well for the service to have employed his (Lynch's) boats as tugs for transports instead of vainly trying to turn tugs into gunboats to encounter a Burnside fleet of 60 vessels, any one large steamer of which could easily have taken his seven boats." Commodore Lynch bought POWHATAN for $12,00 from a Mr. Parks who, according to General Wise, had just sold her to the Army Quartermaster for $10,000. The Army had taken possession of POWHATAN but she was overtaken in Currituck Canal by Commodore Lynch and taken over. (CSS ELLIS' log mentions POWHATAN operationally-when she delivered cable for ballast on 10 January.) Outraged, General Wise protested at length to Major General Huger, his superior at Norfolk, and on up through Secretary of War to President Davis. Commodore Lynch, however, had written Secretary Mallory from CSS SEA BIRD, 22 January, "The crisis will soon be over, and desirable as it is to keep the POWHATAN until some of the new gunboats are ready, I have no wish to detain her unjustly." Whether he relinquished POWHATAN can only be conjectured without further documentation. PRICE, see GENERAL STERLING PRICE PRINCE SwStr: t. 223 PRINCE was built in 189 at Cincinnati, Ohio, and served the Confederates as a troop transport in the Mississippi River area. She participated valiantly in the Battle of Belmont, Mo., on 7 November 1861, as part of the Confederate force under Maj. Gen. L. Polk CSA. PRINCE, under Captain Butler, stood firmly and fearlessly at her post amidst heavy Union fire, ready to ferry troops and ammunition back and forth across the Mississippi River in the course of the battle. She saved the Confederate transport CHARM by pulling her free after she had been grounded, and took Brig. Gen. B. F. Cheatham, CSA, across the river from Columbus, Ky., to Belmont, Mo., to rally the Confederate forces for a flanking attack. PRINCE was sunk by the Confederates before the battle for Island Number 10 in April 1862 to prevent her from falling into Union hands. PRINCE OF WALES SwStr: t. 572 PRINCE OF WALES, built in 1860 at Cincinnati, Ohio, and pronounced one of the finest river steamers in the West, served as a transport with Comdr. I. N. Brown’s flotilla. She was burned at Yazoo City in mid-July 1863 to escape capture by the advancing Union forces under Admiral Porter. PTARMIGAN SwStr: t. 284; l. 270'; b. 24'; dr. 7'; sp. 15-18 k.; cpl. 50; cl. CONDOR Page 559 PTARMIGAN, later EVELYN, was probably the last of the CONDOR class of fast, triple-funneled, sloop-rigged paddle steamers delivered to the Confederate Navy through Comdr. James D. Bulloch, CSN, in the United Kingdom. She was ready about October 1864 and is conjectured to have reached the Confederacy via Halifax and Bermuda before December, with invaluable munitions and "a large quantity of medicines." She is known to have made at least four runs into the Gulf in 1865, apparently from Havana or Nassau to Galveston. Her name change some time during this period has made her record the more elusive and was undoubtedly a part of a blockade runner's repertoire of disguises. In Halifax 27 October she was still PTARMIGAN, in Bermuda, 16 November, she was EVELYN and acquired a coat of white paint the better to conceal her movements. Her crew had a siege with yellow fever at Bermuda along with the men of FLAMINGO, her sister, during that autumn, but the ship seems to have gotten underway again and is believed to have survived the war.